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AES Encrypt & Decrypt

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Advanced Encryption Standard, where we use “AES-256” to encrypt the data with Cipher. Encrypt & Decrypt approach taken is “Cipher Block Chaining” method “AES-256-CBC”.

AES Encrypt

  • We would have the “Secret” stored in a file which is other than the web root.
$key = hash('sha256', $secret, true);
  • Hash the “Secret” with sha256, this gives you the “Key” which will be used to openssl encrypt.
  • And Generate the pseudo random bytes as “IV”, so that it would be used during encryption and also be attached to the encrypted data.
$iv = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
  • Now encrypt the “String” with openssl encrypt by passing the “AES-256-CBC” method, “Key” and “IV”
$ciphertext = openssl_encrypt($plaintext, $method, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv);
  • “openssl_encrypt” will Encrypt given data with given method and key, returns a raw or base64 encoded string.
  • “Hash” the returned “Cipher” text with sha256 hmac method
$hash = hash_hmac('sha256', $ciphertext, $key, true);
  • Now concatenate the “IV” & “Hash” & “Cipher” and store in the DB as the encrypted value.

AES Decrypt

  • Hash the “Secret” with sha256, this gives you the “Key” which will be used to openssl encrypt.
$key = hash('sha256', $password, true);
  • Explode the concatenated string to “IV” & “Hash” & “Cipher”
$iv = substr($ivHashCiphertext, 0, 16);

$hash = substr($ivHashCiphertext, 16, 32);

$ciphertext = substr($ivHashCiphertext, 48);
  • “openssl_decrypt” will take a raw or base64 encoded string and decrypts it using a given method and key.
  • Now decrypt the “Cipher” with “AES-256-CBC” method, “Key” and “IV”
openssl_decrypt($ciphertext, $method, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv);
  • Return the decrypted “String”.it is ok, or do i need to change it to excel.

Cheers :)

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